Understanding ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder. It affects a child's ability to pay attention, stay still, and/or control his or her impulses. ADHD is also called attention deficit disorder (ADD).

Despite their disorder, children with ADHD are talented, capable, and creative. They can and do grow up to become happy, accomplished, and successful adults.

The exact cause of ADHD is not known. Scientists think that ADHD may be caused by an imbalance of chemicals in the brain that help to control behavior.

There are some mistaken beliefs about what causes ADHD. Researchers have confirmed that ADHD is NOT caused by:

	Poor parenting
	Family problems
	Bad teachers
	Ineffective schools
	Too much television
	Too much sugar
	Food allergies

The symptoms of ADHD usually appear in children and can continue into the teen and adult years. An estimated 3% to 5% of school-age children and 2% to 4% of adults have ADHD. As many as 2 million American children may have the disorder. It is estimated that every classroom in the United States has 1 to 3 children with ADHD.

Many more boys than girls are diagnosed with ADHD. Girls with ADHD tend to have different symptoms than boys. Girls often have more trouble with attention. Boys may be more hyperactive. Because of this, girls are less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD. And, they are less likely to get needed treatment.

Scientists think that genetics may play a role in determining who has ADHD since it tends to run in families. Children who have ADHD often have at least 1 close relative with the disorder. However, people often may not know that a family member has ADHD.

As children with ADHD enter adulthood, about half of them will still show signs of ADHD. The other half may appear to "outgrow" it. Most people do not outgrow ADHD. But, with the help of treatment, coping skills, and emotional support, they learn to change their behavior and adjust the impact of ADHD on their daily lives.